Síndrome de Sjögren: identificación de nuevos biomarcadores y mecanismos moleculares implicados en su fisiopatogénesis

Oscar Vicente  Vergara Serpa; Orlenis Sierra Ochoa; Vianh Carlos  Espitia Muñoz; Luis Felipe  Ordosgoitia Dickson; Juan Pablo  García; Esteban David  Diaz Suarez; Rodrigo  Daza Arnedo; Lourdes Carolina Vázquez Jiménez; Jorge  Rico Fontalvo

doi:10.18004/rpr/2024.10.01.22

Oscar Vicente Vergara Serpa Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Programa de Postgrado en Reumatología. Medellin, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5009-6897
Orlenis Sierra Ochoa Universidad Remington, Facultad de Medicina. Medellín, Colombia https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3061-0526
Vianh Carlos Espitia Muñoz Universidad del Sinú, Facultad de Medicina. Montería, Colombia https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0368-079X
Luis Felipe Ordosgoitia Dickson Universidad del Norte, Facultad de Medicina. Barranquilla, Colombia https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3878-8651
Juan Pablo García Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Sinú. Montería, Colombia https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2632-538X
Esteban David Diaz Suarez Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Nefrología. Barranquilla, Colombia https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6775-0414
Rodrigo Daza Arnedo Proveedor de Servicios de Salud Caminos, Departamento de Nefrología. Cartagena, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6295-4972
Lourdes Carolina Vázquez Jiménez Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Hospital de Clínicas, Departamento de Nefrología. San Lorenzo, Paraguay https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1416-552X
Jorge Rico Fontalvo Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Nefrología. Barranquilla, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2852-1241

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18004/rpr/2024.10.01.22

Palabras clave: Síndrome de Sjögren, Xerostomía, Biomarcadores, Fisiopatología, Genética, Linfocitos B, Autoanticuerpos, Autoinmunidad

Resumen

El Síndrome de Sjögren (SS) es una enfermedad autoinmune de carácter sistémico, que afecta principalmente al sistema glandular exocrino, generando un funcionamiento anormal de las glándulas lacrimales y salivales.

Objetivo: proporcionar una actualización sobre la identificación de nuevos biomarcadores y mecanismos moleculares implicados en la fisiopatogénesis del SS.

Método: Revisión narrativa de la literatura en diferentes bases de datos, mediante la búsqueda de términos descritos incluidos en los tesauros MESH y DeCs, para artículos publicados a partir del año 2018.

Resultados: presentamos evidencia que destaca la identificación de nuevos biomarcadores y mecanismos implicados en la fisiopatogénesis del SS, describiendo las vías de: linfocitos B, catepsina S, cistatina C, quimioquina C-X3-C modificada de ligando 1, quimiocina regulada por activación del timo, células T, proteína morfogenética ósea 6, estimulación del receptor de oxitocina, receptor de zinc, calponina-3.

Conclusión: los avances en la tecnología facilita el análisis detallado de la genética y fisiopatogénesis del SS, impulsando el desarrollo de terapias específicas. La búsqueda de biomarcadores no invasivos responde a las limitaciones de los métodos existentes y la invasividad de las biopsias salivales, prometiendo mejoras diagnósticas y terapéuticas

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Síndrome de Sjögren: identificación de nuevos biomarcadores y mecanismos moleculares implicados en su fisiopatogénesis

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